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Base64 & Base32 Encoder/Decoder Tools

Base64 Encoding

Base64 converts binary data into a text string using 64 safe characters (A-Z, a-z, 0-9, +, /). This enables binary data like images and files to be embedded in text-only contexts like HTML, CSS, JSON, and email.

Data URIs

Data URIs embed files directly in HTML or CSS using the format data:[mediatype];base64,[data]. For example, a small icon can be embedded directly in CSS, eliminating an HTTP request:

background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KG...)

Base32 Encoding

Base32 uses 32 characters (A-Z, 2-7) for case-insensitive encoding. It avoids confusing characters like 0/O and 1/I, making it ideal for manual entry.

TOTP/2FA Secrets

Two-factor authentication apps (Google Authenticator, Authy) use Base32 for secret keys. The 16-32 character keys you enter manually are Base32-encoded binary secrets used in HMAC-SHA1 code generation.

Other Base32 Uses

  • Tor .onion addresses: 56-character v3 addresses are Base32-encoded public keys
  • DNSSEC NSEC3: Uses Base32hex for hashed domain names
  • File systems: Case-insensitive systems use Base32 for compatibility

Base32 Variants

RFC 4648: Standard alphabet (A-Z, 2-7) with = padding

Base32hex: Uses 0-9, A-V to preserve sort order

Crockford: Excludes I, L, O, U to avoid ambiguity and profanity


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